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AUGUST 18 |
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| Teaching - there can be no finer calling requiring the clearest demonstration of moral and ethical behavior. Ira Shull, For the Love of Teaching |
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| Why do you teach? Let Us Know. |
| Tell Us about your most memorable teacher. |
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Today's 5-Minute Quest
Good Luck! |
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Catholicism: Feast of St. Helena
(Observed annually on August 18 to revere the mother of Constantine the Great) |
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| 1904 | Louise Fatio (Swiss Children's Author) |
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| 1934 | Sonia Levitin (German-born Children's Author) |
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| 1938 | Joan Carris (Ohio-born Children's Author) |
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| 1944 | Paula Danziger (Washington, D.C.-born Children's Author) |
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| 1949 | Nicola Bayley (Singapore Children's Author, Illustrator) |
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| 1918 | Elsa Morante (Italian Author) |
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| 1922 | Alain Robbe-Grillet (French Author) |
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| 1925 | Brian Aldiss (English Science Fiction Writer) |
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| 1894 | Travis Banton (Texas-born Stage and Costume Designer) |
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| 1935 | Simmie Knox (Alabama-born African-American Artist) |
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| 1873 | Leo Slezak (Austrian Operatic Tenor) |
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| 1750 | Antonio Salieri (Italian Composer) |
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| 1685 | Brook Taylor (English Mathematician) |
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| 1921 | Howard Jones (Virginia-born African-American Engineer) |
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| 1932 | Luc Montagnier (French-born Pioneer in AIDS Research; 2008 Nobel Laureate for Medicine and Physiology) |
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| 1587 | Virginia Dare (First White Child of English Parents to be Born in America) |
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| 1774 | Meriwether Lewis (Virginia-born Explorer: co-Leader of the Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery) |
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| 1834 | Marshall Field (Massachusetts-born Founder of Marshall Field Department Stores) |
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| 1803 | Nathan Clifford (New Hampshire-born Associate Justice, U.S. Supreme Court) |
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| 1830 | Francis Joseph (Austrian-born Emperor of Austria (1848-1916) and King of Hungary (1867-1916)) |
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| 1854 | James P. Clarke (Mississippi-born U.S. Senator from Arkansas; Governor of Arkansas: 1895-97) |
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| 1871 | Francis John McConnell (Ohio-born Methodist Bishop, Religious Reformer) |
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| 1917 | Caspar Weinberger (California-born Cabinet Member of the Nixon and Reagan Administrations) |
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| 1927 | Rosalyn Carter (Georgia-born Wife of U.S. President Jimmy Carter) |
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| 1933 | Roman Polanski (French Filmmaker) |
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| 1935 | Gail Fisher (New Jersey-born African-American Actress) |
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| 1937 | Robert Redford (California-born Actor, Filmmaker) |
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| 1952 | Patrick Swayze (Texas-born Actor) |
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| 1969 | Edward Norton (Massachusetts-born Actor) |
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| 1970 | Malcolm Jamal Warner (New Jersey-born African-American Actor: Theo on "Cosby") |
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| 1893 | Burleigh Grimes (Wisconsin-born Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame) |
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| 1901 | Arne Borg (Swedish Champion Swimmer) |
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| 1928 | Marge Unnewehr Schott (Ohio-born Businesswoman; Owner of the Cincinnati Reds) |
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| 1934 | Roberto Clemente (Puerto Rican Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame: Humanitarian) |
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| Rafer Johnson (Texas-born African-American Olympic Decathlon Gold Medalist) |
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| 1227 | Genghis Khan (Mongolian Warrior and Leader) |
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| 1276 | Pope Adrian V (Ottobuono Fieschi: Italian Pope of the Catholic Church)) |
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| 1559 | Pope Paul IV (Italian Pope of the Catholic Church) |
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| 1858 | William Austin Burt (Massachusetts-born Inventor, Scientist) |
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| 1940 | Walter P. Chrysler (Kansas-born Automotive Pioneer) |
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| 1989 | Luis Carlos Galán (Assassinated Colombian Presidential Candidate) |
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| 1990 | B.F. Skinner (Pennsylvania-born Behavioral Psychologist) |
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| 1994 | Richard Laurence Millington Synge (English 1952 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry) |
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| 2009 | Kim Dea-jung (President of South Korea; 2000 Nobel Laureate for Peace) |
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| 1587 | Virginia Dare Is First White Child of English Parents Born in America |
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| 1749 | Celeron de Blainville Plants a Lead Plate Along the Ohio River at Present-Day Point Pleasant, West Virginia, Claiming the Territory for France |
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| 1759 | The British Destroy a French Fleet at Lagos, Portugal |
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| 1803 |
![]() Meriwether Lewis Is in Pittsburgh Awaiting Completion of His Keelboat for an Aug 31 Launch |
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| 1804 |
![]() Clark: The party with the Indians came today. Reed confessed that he had stolen a "rifle shot-pouch Powder & Ball." His punishment was to run the ganelet four times and receive 9 lashes from each man in the camp. The Chiefs of the Nations wanted us to give Reed peace, but after we explained to the Indian Chiefs what damage a man could do to our journey, they understood. |
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| 1805 |
![]() Lewis: This morning while Capt Clark was busily engaged in preparing for his rout, I exposed some articles to barter with the Indians for horses as I wished a few at this moment to releive the men who were going with Capt Clark from the labour of carrying their baggage and also one to keep here in order to pack the meat to camp which the hunters might kill. I soon obtained three very good horses for which I gave an uniform coat, a pair of legings, a few handkerchiefs, three knives and some other small articles the whole of which did not cost more than about 20$ in the U' States. the Indians seemed quite as well pleased with their bargin as I was. the men also purchased one for an old checked shirt a pair of old legings and a knife. two of those I purchased Capt. C. took on with him. at 10 A. M. Capt. Clark departed with his detatchment and all the Indians except 2 men and 2 women who remained with us.
Two of the inferior chiefs were a little displeased at not having received a
Capt. Clark encamped this evening near the narrow pass between the hills on Jefferson's river in the Shoshone Cove. his hunters killed one deer which the party with the aid of the Indians readily consumed in the course of the evening.— after there departure this morning I had all the stores and baggage Drewyer Killed one deer this evening. a Beaver was also caught by one of the party. I had the net arranged and set this evening to catch some trout which we could see in great abundance at the bottom of the river. This day I completed my thirty first year, and conceived that I had in all human probability now existed about half the period which I am to remain in this Sublunary world. I reflected that I had as yet done but little, very little indeed, to further the hapiness of the human race, or to advance the information of the succeeding generation. I viewed with regret the many hours I have spent in indolence, and now soarly feel the want of that information which those hours would have given me had they been judiciously expended. but since they are past and cannot be recalled, I dash from me the gloomy thought and resolved in future, to redouble my exertions and at least indeavour to promote those two primary objects of human existence, by giving them the aid of that portion of talents which nature and fortune have bestoed on me; or in future, to live for mankind, as I have heretofore lived for myself.—
Clark:
Purchased of the Indians three horses for which we gave a Chiefs Coat Some Handkerchiefs a Shirt Legins & a fiew arrow points &c. I gave two of my coats to two of the under Chiefs who appeared not well Satisfied that the first Chief was dressed so much finer than themselves.
at 10 oClock I Set out accompanied by the Indians except 3 the interpreter and wife, the fore part of the day worm, at 12 oClock it became hasey with a mist of rain wind hard from the S. W. and Cold which increased untill night the rain Seased in about two hours. We proceeded on thro' a wide leavel vallie without wood except willows & Srubs for 15 miles and Encamped at a place the high lands approach within 200 yards in 2 points the River here only 10 yards wide Several Small Streams branching out on each Side below. all the Indians proceeded on except the 3 Chiefs & two young men. my hunters killed two Deer which we eate.
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| 1806 |
![]() Lewis: moderate rain last night, the wind of this morning from the S. E. as to cause the water to be So rough that we Could not proceed on untill 8 a. m. at which time it fell a little & we proceeded on tho' the waves were yet high and the wind Strong. Saw Several Indians on either Side of the river. at 9 A. M. I saw an Indian running down the beech and appd. to be anxious to Speak to us I derected the Canoes to land. this Indian proved to be the brother of the Chief we had on board and Came down from his Camp at no great distance to take his leave of his brother. the Chief gave him a par of Legins and took an effectunate leave of his brother and we procedeed on haveing previously Sent on 2 canoes with hunters to kill Some meat at 2 P. M we overtook the Canoe hunters, they had killed three deer which was divided and we halted and Cooked Some dinner on the Sandbar. wind Still high and from the Same point. The Chief pointed out Several places where he Said his nation formerly lived and related Some extroadinary Stories of their tredition. after Dinner we proceeded on, to a point on the N E. Side opposit the remains of an old Mandan village a little below the enterance of Chiss-che-tor River and the place we Encamped as we assended this river 20th of October 1804 haveing come 40 miles to day. after landing which was a little before night the hunters run out into the bottom and Killed four deer. The winds blew hard from the S. E. all day which retarded our progress very much after the fires were made I set my self down with the big white man Chiefe and made a number of enquiries into the tredition of his nation as well as the time of their inhabiting the number of Villages the remains of which we see on different parts of the river, as also the cause of their evacuation. he told me his nation first Came out of the ground where they had a great village. a grape vine grew down through the Earth to their village and they Saw light Some of their people assended by the grape vine upon the earth, and Saw Buffalow and every kind of animal also Grapes plumbs &c. they gathered Some grapes & took down the vine to the village, and they tasted and found them good, and deturmined to go up and live upon the earth, and great numbers climbed the vine and got upon earth men womin and children. at length a large big bellied woman in climbing broke the vine and fell and all that were left in the Village below has remained there ever Since (The Mandans beleive when they die that they return to this village) Those who were left on earth made a village on the river below and were very noumerous &c. he Said that he was born in the Village Opposit to our Camp and at that time his nation inhabited 7 villages as large as that and were full of people, the Sieoux and Small pox killed the greater part of them and made them So weak that all that were left only made two Small villages when Collected, which were built near the old Ricaras village above. their troubles with the Scioux & Pawnees or Ricaras Compelled them to move and build a village where they now live. |
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| 1813 | Spanish Royalist Army Slaughters Gutiérrez-Magee, Texas Republicans: 1400 Die |
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| 1820 | Franz Schubert's Opera "Die Zauberharfe" (The Magic Harp) Premieres in Vienna, Austria |
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| 1821 | Pensacola, Florida's First Newspaper, The Floridian Is Established |
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| 1824 | Mexican Congress Passes National Law for the Colonization of Texas |
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| 1826 | Scotland's Alexander Gordon Laing Is First European to Reach Timbuktu |
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| 1846 | General Kearney's Forces Peacefully Capture Santa Fe, New Mexico |
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| 1853 | Local Fishermen Are the First to Scale California's Mount Whitney |
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| 1859 | In Lebanon, Indiana, the Presbyterian Academy Is Incorporated as an Exclusive Private School Requiring Tuition |
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| 1862 | Sioux Indian Uprising Begins with Murder of 44 Whites, Capture of 10 |
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| 1863 | The Son of Delaware Governor William Cannon Dies of Exposure with the Union Army in Maryland |
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| 1864 | Union Captures Section of Weldon Railroad to Disrupt Confederate Supplies |
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| Union Troops Burn 4,000 Pounds of Cotton Near Florida's McCrae Plantation |
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| 1868 | Pierre Jules Cesar Janssen Finds Helium Line in the Solar Spectrum |
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| 1870 | Prussians Defeat the French at Gravelotte: 28,000 casualties |
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| 1871 | France's Alphonse Pénaud Flies His Planophore Airplane 131 Ft in 11 Seconds |
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| 1878 | First African American Lutheran Church Is Dedicated in Little Rock, Arkansas |
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| 1887 | Thousands of Hometown Fans Flock to See Heavyweight Champ John L. Sullivan |
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| 1896 | Adolph Ochs Purchases Controlling Interest of Struggling NY Times for $75,000 |
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| 1903 | Vermont Senator W. P. Dillingham (Namesake of Dillingham, AK) Arrives by Ship on a tour of Alaska |
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| 1905 | Davis, Stephens, Toombs and Turner Counties Georgia Are Created |
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| 1908 | President Theodore Roosevelt Issues an Executive Order Establishing the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon |
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| 1916 | Georgia Law Amended to Allow Women to Hold Low-level Government Jobs |
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| The Cherokee Rose Is Named the Official Floral Emblem of Georgia |
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| 1919 | Georgia's Governor Signs Act Creating a Commission to Eliminate Illiteracy |
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| 1920 | Tennessee 36th State to Ratify 19th Amendment - Women's Voting Rights |
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| 1922 | Gene Sarazen Wins PGA: First to Win Two Majors in a Year (U.S. Open) |
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| 1929 | A 350-pound Bear Is Killed in the Lounge of Minnesota's Hotel Duluth |
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| 1930 | Wolfgang von Gronau and Crew Make 1st Europe-US Transatlantic Flight |
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| 1932 | J.A. Mollison Completes 1st Europe-US Transatlantic Solo Flight |
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| 1937 | Hugo Black Is Sworn In As Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court |
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| 1941 | Hitler Suspends Euthanasia of Mentally Ill and Handicapped |
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| 1947 | Hewlett Packard Is Incorporated |
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| 1949 | Construction Is Completed on Ross Dam Located in on Washington's Skagit River |
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| Plant Patent #1 Issued to Henry Bosenberg, New Jersey, for a Climbing Rose |
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| 1958 | Vladimir Nabokov's Novel Lolita Is Published |
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| 1962 | Peter, Paul and Mary Release "If I Had A Hammer" |
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| 1963 | James Meredith Is First African American Graduate of the U of Mississippi |
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| 1964 | South Africa Is Banned from Olympic Games Because of Apartheid Policies |
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| 1966 | U.S. Adds "In God We Trust" Motto to $100 Federal Reserve Notes |
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| 1967 | Boston's Tony Conigliaro Hit in Eye by a Pitch, Permanently Impairing Vision |
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| 1969 | Three-day Woodstock Music Festival Ends |
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| 1971 | Australia and New Zealand Announce Troop Withdrawal from Vietnam |
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| 1976 | Two American Soldiers Are Killed by North Koreans in Skirmish at Panmunjom |
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| 1977 | Elvis Presley Is Buried At Graceland |
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| The Police Play First Public Performance in a Birmingham, England Nightclub |
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| 1980 | George Brett's Batting Average Reaches .401 |
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| 1983 | Hurricane Alicia Slams the Texas Coast: 21 Die with $1+ Billion Damage |
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| 1985 | Japan Launches Suisei for November Probe of Comet Halley |
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| 1986 | Bon Jovi Releases "Slippery When Wet" |
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| 1987 | One Legislator Is Killed in Grenade Attack on Sri Lankan Parliament |
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| 1988 | Indiana Senator Dan Quayle Is Nominated as George Bush's Running Mate |
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| 1989 | Leading Colombian Presidential Candidate Luis Carlos Galán Is Assassinated |
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| Manchester United Football Club Is Sold for £20m |
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| 1990 | U.S. Frigates Fire Warning Shots Across Bows of Two Iraqi Tankers |
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| 1991 | Soviet Government/Military Leaders Attempt Coup Against President Gorbachev |
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| 1992 | Larry Bird Retires from the NBA after 13 Seasons |
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| 1993 | Dan and Steve Buettner of Roseville, Minnesota Complete the First North-to-South Bicycle Ride Across Africa |
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| 1994 | Magnitude 5.6 Earthquake Strikes Mascara Region of Western Algeria: 172 die |
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| 1996 | San Jose Mercury Links CIA to Nicaraguan Contra Drugs Brought to Black LA |
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| 1997 | Beth Ann Hogan Is First Coed in the Virginia Military Institute's 158-year history |
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